Unexplained subfertility

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About the course

This course is part of the RCOG Core Knowledge series.

Subfertility is defined as failure to achieve conception after a 12-month attempt to conceive has been made through unprotected vaginal sexual intercourse. The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) defined unexplained infertility as “infertility in couples with apparently normal ovarian function, Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and pelvis and with adequate coital frequency; and apparently normal testicular function, genito-urinary anatomy and a normal ejaculate. Simply, unexplained subfertility is diagnosed in the absence of a definable cause in both partners in spite of thorough 'standard' evaluation. Unexplained subfertility is a diagnosis of exclusion; the prevalence of unexplained infertility is about 15% and ranges between 7–28% depending on the population and methodologies used for infertility evaluation.

In this course, the epidemiology, possible etiologies, diagnosis and treatment of unexplained subfertility will be covered.

Course overview Authors Audience Related guidelines

When you have completed this course, you will be able to:

  • discuss epidemiology of subfertility
  • explain the baseline investigations for subfertility
  • summarise the possible etiologies of unexplained subfertility
  • describe the management of unexplained subfertility.

Dr Alpha Gebeh MRCOG GCertClinEpid PhD (2023)

Dr Gebeh is a Consultant Obstetrician, Gynaecologist and Fertility Specialist in the Department of Maternity and Gynaecology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia and an academic staff member at the University of Newcastle, Australia. He is an accredited subspecialist in Reproductive Medicine (RCOG) and was awarded a PhD by the University of Leicester, UK in 2013. Dr Gebeh maintains an active interest in medical education and is a member of the Academy of Medical Educators (AoME), UK.

Mr Bola Ola FRCOG (2016, 2020, 2023)

Mr Ola is a Consultant in obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive surgery at the Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. He is also an honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer at the University of Sheffield. He is an accredited Subspecialist and Training Programme Director for Reproductive Medicine. Mr Ola was previously a Clinical Research Fellow in Reproductive Medicine at the Birmingham Women's Hospital, and Clinical Lecturer at the Royal Free and University College London Medical School. Recently, Mr Ola was awarded an MBA (Distinction) in Medical Leadership by Sheffield Hallam University, after an in-service training programme sponsored by the Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

This course is intended to help clinicians gain core knowledge for O&G training and the MRCOG examinations. It can also be used by O&G consultants to refresh their knowledge of the area or for teaching.

Ayeleke R, Asseler J, Cohlen B, Veltman-Verhulst S. Intra-uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;3(3):CD001838.

Wessel J.A, Danhof N.A, van Eekelen R, Diamond M.P, Legro R.S, Peeraer K et al. Ovarian stimulation strategies for intrauterine insemination in couples with unexplained infertility: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. Human Reproduction Update 2022; 28(5):733–746

Buckett W, Sierra S. The management of unexplained infertility: an evidence-based guideline from the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society. Reproductive biomedicine online 2019;39(4):pp.633-640.

Nandi N, Homburg R. Unexplained subfertility: diagnosis and management. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 2016;18:107–15.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Fertility: Assessment and Treatment for People with Fertility Problems. CG156. London: NICE; 2013.

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